Casting mold



April 26, 1932. iF, M PQE 1,855,529 f CASTING MOLD Filed Aug. 5, 1931 24w fffl /Jf Patented pr. 26, 1932Y UNITED STATES FRED livr. POE, orSUFFERN, NEW YORK, Assreivori, To nturna: AMERICAN-BRAKEQSOE-FOUNDRYOOMPANY,` OF W:Lltrrlve'rou,v DELAWARE, A coR-roRArroN orDELAWAiam Y CASTING Mom)V "Applicationnlea August 5, i931.' ser'iaino.555,164;A A

This inventionv relates to molds for casting metal articles and moreparticularly to vpermanent or semi-permanent molds for repetitioncasting operations.

' 6 The obj ect of the inventionis to enable the Y use of molds forrepetition casting operations and to avoid or to materially reduce thechilling effect of'a casting mold upon the casting, and therebyeliminate the necessity for normalizing or annealing certain types Vandclasses of castings, by making the Walls of the mold cavity'sufficiently refractory for the purpose and in Ysuch a Way that theyWill y stand the heat changes, the ordinary molding practices 'and'other factors which tend to seriously damage and destroy refractorysurfaces so that the mold cavity,made in Whole or in partl of refractorytvall surfaces, may be used for repetition casting operations.Heretofore it has'been'p-roposed to apply a coating of refractorymaterial to the Walls 'of the mold cavity; to make up the Walls of aplurality of blocks of refractory material; or-

to inset blocks of refractory material in the 25 metal Walls of the moldcavity. The refractory material in all such cases is liable todamage anddestruction because of heat changes, molding practices and other factorswhich enter into molding operations. V'.[have found 39 thatthe lifeoftherefractory material may be greatly prolonged if the body thereof isreenforced` and protected interiorl'y by metal projections which mayconveniently be made in the form of studs on the mold with the re-Vfractory material filled in the recess formed about the studs andfinished oft covering` the outer ends of the studs or flu-sh therewithto form the surface of the mold cavity Wall. The refractory prevents ormaterially reduces the chilling effect of the metal mold and at the sametime it is protected by the embedded studs against the illeifects ofheat changes, molding practices and otherv factors common .in castingoperations so 'that the lifeof the refractory Will be prolongedto permitthe mold to be continued in use for repetition molding operations'.

And a further object of the inventionis to provide mold cavity WallsVcomposed in part of studs of metal integral with or otherwise tion maybe embodied vin molds of any con;-

Cnnscted tothe may of the mord .and em-k 'PATE'NT @FIF-v bedc ed inrefractory material, ythe refractory material covering or `beingflushWiththe outer ends of the studs andthestudsbeing disj-y tributedthroughout thevv body lof 'the' refractory material. l' y `AMy inventionhas other-.objects in View which Willjappear hereinafterin the detaildescription" 'thereof in connection Withtheac# campanying drawings whichillustrate selecte I ed embodiments kof the inventionand refe'rel ringthereto. s i f y p Fig; l is aflongitvudin'al sectionalviewjof a moldembodyingthe'invention andtaken' on the line I .lof yFig.;2 withfilledfivith a4 casting. l f l f the 'mold'y cavity f F' gs.; 2 and 3are transverse sectional views on` the lines Fig. 4: is a detailsectional view `of a drag on the line 4 4 of Fig. 5 and showingr anotherembodiment of the inventiom. z i

Fig. 5 i'sa transverse sectional view off/a mold showing anothenembodiment of theI in-v vention. 7

Referring to the' draWings,`-the -moldfcomprises a dra-gt and a.' cope 7having amold cavity 8, Va pouringl gate Qand'a riserl'lO; The dragisprovided With ears 11a-nd pinsy ll thereon to engage:openingsintheears 12 on/the cope Vto register the cope 'in place on the drag. I haveshown arnold of 'simple` construction to illustrate the invention but Idesire itl toI be understood that theA inven- 2-2' and respectivelystruction and for VVany purpose for whichf it is or may be'adapted; Allora part of the Walls of the moldcavity are formedin'part of metal andin -partofy refractory material, the metal and refractory materialbeingdivided and spaced and'4 arrangedfso that there is a predetermineddistribution off the metal in the refractory, the area and depth of therefractory being determined by the character of thecasting operation .toprovidethe .proper V.protection for the casting andfprevent the castingfromv becoming chilled-byr the metalv of Ythe-mold and so that the moldcan be. used for Vrepetition, casting operations; and theV metal isydistributed and arranged in a prede,-

lectively-they Will not produce a chillingl ef-V Y fectflf-uponffthef.casting forr- .otherwise Idestroy' thejfeffe'ct'of' the refractory: The.wal-ls' lof kthe metal drag and cope are cored, bored or otherwiserecessed to provide a plurality *of* studs 13 which extend tooralmosttothe surf face of the mold cavity.` Thse studs'ar'e preferablytapered land they may have their endsred-uced 41to' raysm'all ypoint sothat if the ends farefexposedyat the surface of thel moldcas-vityfvvallgthey '.vvill be so small in area that they-1.will-not;affect the casting. The

Y studs may be of any height and of any thicknrefand ,of any shapeand.theymay be arranged-iin any-` manner'suitable for the purposer;The-cavity around the studs is filled Witltarefractory lmaterial.-14;of. any suitable lindandzitfpreferably covers the points of the studs sothat a continuous refractory surfaceriszprovided-.on the cavity Walls;butthe pointsofthe studs may befflushvvith the refractory tosformrazpartofthe surface of theV cavity Wall Without destroying thefeifectivenesssof: :the 1 refractory material: to prevent chilling the.@.castinggV andfor' some `castings this'may be a desirable construction rather than a'possiblefobjection The refractory materialpmayfbeapacked in therecesses of the cavity Walls in any `su-itablemanner,- and by any..suitable fm'eans.- The-refractory materialm'ay;bef=packed.in'from= theface of the Wall as it Wouldbe in Figs. 1-3 or the mold may? beiprovided fWith openings: 15: extending therethrough f andycommunicating' with the space; about thefst'uds :13 so that/the:refractory may befforced in :from theoutersu-rface of theeA drag.andcope through :the openings l5 and-into the'space about the studs-.13toform theffvvalls fof. ythe fmold.. cavity. Theifbottom Wall.A of' theupouring4 gate: `.including the end wall offthefwmoldscavity ina-yberecessedto prcvidefstuds 1.61 f a Isteprelike; arrangement with 3ft-he sintervening :recess `filled With re'- fractoryf A17, eFig. e f1, andcthebottomf Wall of thez'riserfy may: 'be'x similarlyfprovided withstudsil-f and@'refractory17@Fig.;2.` I may alsof provide transverseangular: projections 182n thevdragf;4 'Figs'. 45,. 55 atrthe`A lowercornersfof` thel mioldfl cavity to cooperate lwith the studslinwsubfd-iv-i ing the-'refractory material:

A Ther-refractory -Inaterialvis disposed. about the metal: studsandrthemetal-.studs aref dis-V tributed!throughr the' refractory`materi'alain a;m'ore :or: lessfzuniformf. manner7` depending upon.i thenumbergzi design .1: andi 1 arrangement ofi.' studs .so zth'atf themetal@ will-:supporti and protect the refractory and the refractory Willwhich the metal might otherwise have thereon. Thus I obtain the benefitof metal Walls Without the chilling efectthereof and I also obtain vthebenefit and advantages of refractory Wallswithout the liability ofdamage thereto which is liable to occur in repetition castingoperations. Furthermore, the disposition vof the metal in:theirefractory 'tends to .protect therefractory fromfspa'llinggandAWearing as it Would be liable to do if it `Were made-in large sections;and the distribution of the metal through-the refractoiy protects therefractoryfronrthe damaging effects of heatchangeszand moldingrpractices and its lifek is thereby prolonged.

Preliminary to the casting operation I prefer to Coat the surface of themold cavity Wa'llsgl Whether the surface is of refractory or partrefractory and part metal; with lamp bla-ck .or any other yprotective,coating which is or maybe-suitable forV the. purpose. f Ido not restrictthe inventionto refractory mate= rial offany particularlind but I may.useI any material: oflow heat'conductivity suitablefor Athe purpose; andit isV my intentionto vary the'si-zeyshape and arrangement ofthe studsto providev the refractory v in bodies. suitable `for cooperation Withthestudsinformng cavityywalls for-.molding any. castings de- Shred... il 'i I do-not limitmy invention to the partic-V ular form, constructionAor arrangement shown ,and described -herein butI reserve the righttolelnbody. the invention in any mold and in anyform, construction andarrangementfsu-itablefor the purpose and Withinv the scope-of thefollowing claims. I claimt: 1 l

1.'A Wall With Which the molten metal contacts in a mold and comprisingay plurale ity 'of spaced metalstuds and refractory Vmaterial embeddingthe studs.-

2. Ayvvall .with which. themoltenfmetal contacts .in amold andcomprising a plurality ofspacedmetal studs tapering toward thesurfacefof the Wall and refractory material embedding the :studs andVcovering the ends thereof att-he surface `of the Wall.

3. A Wall with which thek molten metal 'contacts in a mold andcomprising a plurality of,l spaced metallv studs taperingtovvard thesurface of the Wall and refractory material embeddingv the studs and.forming Vthe major partof the surface of the Wall with the endsofthe'studs exposed therein. Y

,4; A metal mold having a mold cavity therein7 a Wall of the mold cavitybeing recessed to providea-plurality of studs and the recess beingfilled With refractory material.

5. A metal-mold having ka mold cavity the-rein, a Wall of the moldcavity being Vrecessedf topro-Vide a plurality. of studsdisposednormallyto the surface of the Wall,

and the recess being filled with material to embed the studs.

6. A metal mold having a mold cavity therein, a Wall of the mold cavitybeing recessed to provide a plurality of studs, and the recess beingfilled with refractory mate-A rial which embedsthe studs, the moldhaving openings extending therethrough and communicating with therecessto permit the inrefractory troduction of the refractory materialinto the recess through said openings. f 7. A metal mold having a moldcavity therein, a Wall of the mold cavity being composed of refractory*material with metal studs distributed throughout the body thereof.

8. A metal mold having a mold cavity therein, a Wall of themold cavitybeing recessed to provide a pluralty of studs and having projectionsspaced from said studsy'the i* recess being filled with refractorymaterial Which embeds the studs and the projections. y

FREDV M.1POE.

